Economy and finance
The first estimates of euro area balance showed a €24.0 bn surplus in trade in goods with the rest of the world in February 2025, compared with + €21.7 bn in February 2024.
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In February 2025, compared with January 2025, seasonally adjusted production in construction decreased by 0.5% in the euro area and by 0.4% in the EU, according to first estimates from Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. In January 2025, production in construction grew by 0.6%...
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In the fourth quarter of 2024, the seasonally adjusted general government deficit to GDP ratio stood at 3.2% in the euro area (EA20) and 3.4% in the EU. In the fourth quarter of 2024, the euro area and EU deficit to GDP ratios increased compared to the third quarter of 2024.
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At the end of the fourth quarter of 2024, the general government gross debt to GDP ratio in the euro area (EA20) stood at 87.4%, compared with 88.1% at the end of the third quarter of 2024. In the EU, the ratio also decreased from 81.6% to 81.0%.
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In the euro area the government deficit to GDP ratio decreased from 3.5% in 2023 to 3.1% in 2024, and in the EU from 3.5% to 3.2%. In the euro area the government debt to GDP ratio slightly increased from 87.3% at the end of 2023 to 87.4% at the end of 2024, and in the EU from 80.8% to 81.0%.
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The euro area annual inflation rate was 2.2% in March 2025, down from 2.3% in February. A year earlier, the rate was 2.4%. European Union annual inflation was 2.5% in March 2025, down from 2.7% in February. A year earlier, the rate was 2.6%. These figures are published by Eurostat, the statistica...
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In February 2025, compared with January 2025, seasonally adjusted industrial production increased by 1.1% in the euro area and by 1.0% the EU, according to first estimates from Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. In January 2025, industrial production grew by 0.6% in the euro ...
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In the fourth quarter of 2024, house prices, as measured by the House Price Index, increased by 4.2% in the euro area and by 4.9% in the EU compared with the same quarter of the previous year. In the third quarter of 2024, house prices increased by 2.7% and 3.9% in the euro area and EU, respectiv...
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In January 2025, compared with December 2024, seasonally adjusted services production increased by 0.4% in the euro area and by 0.3% in the EU, according to first estimates from Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. In December 2024, services production fell by 0.2% in the euro ...
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In February 2025, compared with January 2025, the seasonally adjusted retail trade volume increased by 0.3% in the euro area and by 0.2% in the EU, according to first estimates from Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union. In January 2025, retail trade volume remained stable in the...
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In the fourth quarter of 2024, the EU seasonally adjusted current account of the balance of payments recorded a surplus of €113.2 billion (+2.5% of GDP), compared with a surplus of €107.5 billion (+2.4% of GDP) in the third quarter of 2024 and a surplus of €103.4 billion (+2.4% of GDP) in the fou...
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In connection with the news releases for the Excessive deficit procedure (EDP) and the Government finance statistics (GFS) published today, a series of related documents have been updated:
Note on the stock of liabilities in trade credits and advances;
Stock-flow adjustment note explaining th...
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In March 2025, the price of eggs in the EU was on average 6.7% higher than in March 2024.
Among the EU countries, the highest increase in annual inflation for eggs was recorded in Czechia (+46.0% in March 2025 compared with March 2024), followed by Slovakia (+29.8%) and Hungary (+26.1%). Meanw...
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As of 1 January 2025, 22 out of 27 EU countries have national minimum wages, making Denmark, Italy, Austria, Finland and Sweden the exceptions.
In January 2025, 10 EU countries had minimum wages below €1 000 per month: Bulgaria (€551), Hungary (€707), Latvia (€740), Romania (€814), Slovakia (€8...
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In March 2025, the UN Statistical Commission endorsed the 2025 System of National Accounts (2025 SNA) and the 7th edition of the Balance of Payments Manual (BPM7) as the new global standards for compiling national accounts and balance of payments statistics.
Eurostat and the national statistic...
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In the fourth quarter of 2024, house prices in the EU rose by 4.9%, while rents increased by 3.2% compared with the fourth quarter of 2023.
Compared with the third quarter of 2024, house prices increased by 0.8% and rents by 0.6%.
This information comes from data on house prices and rents publ...
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In 2024, the gross domestic product (GDP) per capita expressed in purchasing power standards (PPS) ranged between 66% of the EU average in Bulgaria and 241% in Luxembourg.
This information comes from the preliminary estimates of purchasing power parities (PPPs) and GDP for 2024 published by Euro...
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In 2023, the EU countries’ general government expenditure on defence amounted to €227 billion, representing 2.7% of total general government expenditure. This is equivalent to 1.3% of GDP.
At EU level, the share of defence expenditure in total expenditure decreased from 3.0% in 1995 to 2.7% in 2...
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In 2023, real GDP increased in 154 EU regions compared with 2022, while decreases were registered in 85 regions.
The region with the largest growth in real GDP was Malta (a single region at this level of detail), with a 6.7% increase, followed by Severen Tsentralen in Bulgaria (+5.8%), Illes Ba...
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In 2023, personal transfers outflows from the EU (money sent by EU resident households to non-resident households) reached a record level of €50.9 billion, an 8% increase compared with 2022 (€47.0 billion).
The largest share of these outflows went to Asia (excluding the Near and Middle East), a...
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The most common form of contingent liabilities in the EU countries is government guarantees on liabilities, and occasionally on assets of third parties. In 2020 and 2021, government guarantees, provided in the EU, increased substantially following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2022, the ...
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In 2022, EU exports of spacecraft and space transport services totalled €1 340 million after experiencing a 36% drop compared with 2021 (€2 108 million). In 2022, 84% of all exports, or €1 129 million, went to countries outside the EU.
The EU exports peaked in 2012, at €3 273 million, and declin...
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The households sector debt is the stock of liabilities held by the sectors Households and Non-Profit institutions serving households (S.14_S.15). The instruments that are taken into account to compile private sector debt are Debt securities (F.3) and Loans (F.4). Data are presented in consolid...
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The non-financial corporations stocks, excluding foreign direct investments, represents the net amount of liabilities in which the sector non-financial corporations (S.11) have incurred along the year. The instruments that are taken into account to compile the non-financial corporations sector...
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The non-financial corporations debt is the stock of non-financial corporations sector debt (S11) in percentage of GDP. The instruments that are taken into account to compile the scoreboard indicator are Debt securi...
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The private sector debt is the stock of liabilities held by the sectors Non-Financial corporations, Households and Non-Profit institutions serving households (S.11_S.14_S.15). The instruments that are taken into account to compile private sector debt are Debt securities (F.3) and Loans (F.4). Dat...
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The households sector credit flow represents the net amount of liabilities in which the sectors Households and Non-Profit institutions serving households (S.14_S.15) have incurred along the year. The instruments that are taken into account to compile the households sector credit flow are Debt ...
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The non-financial corporations sector credit flow represents the net amount of liabilities in which the sector non-financial corporations (S.11) have incurred along the year. The instruments that are taken into account to compile the non-financial corporations sector credit flow are Debt secur...
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The private sector credit flow represents the net amount of liabilities in which the sectors Non-Financial corporations, Households and Non-Profit institutions serving households (S.11_S.14_S.15) have incurred along the year. The instruments that are taken into account to compile private sector c...
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